Over time, soil in containers and raised beds can become depleted of nutrients, compacted, and less effective at retaining water. Unlike garden soil, the soil in containers and raised beds does not benefit as much from natural processes such as earthworm activity. In addition, frequent watering leaches nutrients, while plant roots gradually deplete organic matter.

Rather than replacing old soil, which can be costly and wasteful, rejuvenating it is an environmentally friendly and effective alternative.

Early spring is the perfect time to revitalize pots and raised beds to ensure healthy, productive plants. Proper preparation includes refreshing the soil by adding organic material and fertilizers. These steps will help create optimal growing conditions for flowers, vegetables, and herbs.

If the soil in the pot or bed is wet from winter rains, wait until it is dry enough to work with. Conversely, if the soil is dry and crusted, gently loosen it with a trowel or garden fork to improve aeration and water penetration.

Remove any leftover plant debris and weeds from the previous season. The soil level will be reduced and will allow for the addition of amendments. If necessary (especially for pots), remove some old soil to create space.

One of the best ways to restore soil fertility is by adding organic matter. Compost, well-aged manure, worm castings, or decomposed leaf mulch can enrich depleted soil. This improves nutrient content, water retention, and microbial activity.

Whether purchased or homemade, the added organic material should have a light, crumbly texture when added to the existing soil. Spread a 2-inch layer (or more for very depleted soil) over the soil surface and mix it in lightly.

In addition to adding organic material, fertilizers can also help revitalize pots and beds. Organic options often take longer to become available in the soil and should be applied well before planting.

For containers and raised beds, a balanced fertilizer with equal parts nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium (such as 10-10-10) promotes strong root development, foliage growth, and fruit production. Follow the package instructions for the recommended application amount and schedule.

If the soil has become too heavy or retains too much water, consider adding perlite, vermiculite, or pumice to improve drainage. Raised beds and potted plants thrive in loose, well-aerated soil that prevents root rot and allows for deep root growth.

Once amendments are incorporated, give the soil a deep watering to help nutrients settle. Cover the soil with mulch to retain moisture and suppress weeds until you are ready to plant. With a little effort, your pots and raised beds will be primed for a successful growing season.

Healthy soil leads to healthier plants, stronger harvests, and a more sustainable approach to gardening.

Help for newcomers

New to the North Olympic Peninsula? Or new to gardening?

If so, you may have heard that this region is a gardener’s paradise—and it’s true, with a few caveats. It’s never too early to learn that small details can make a big difference. Paying attention to them can mean the difference between gardening success and frustration.

On June 7, Master Gardener Margery Whites will present “Gardening for Newcomers on the North Olympic Peninsula” as part of the Digging Deeper series. Join us from 10:30 a.m. to noon at the beautiful Woodcock Demonstration Garden, 2711 Woodcock Road in Sequim, for this informative and welcoming session.

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Susan Kalmar is a WSU Clallam County Master Gardener.